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TFII-I proteins are ubiquitously expressed transcriptional factors involved in both basal transcription and signal transduction activation or repression. TFII-I proteins are detected as early as at two-cell stage and exhibit distinct and dynamic expression patterns in developing embryos as well as mark regional variation in the adult mouse brain. Analysis of atypical small and rare chromosomal deletions...
Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines of vertebrates with many biological effects including antiviral, immunoregulatory and antiproliferative activities. Among them, mammalian type I IFNs represents a large family of related proteins, mainly virus-inducible, divided in 10 distinct subfamilies named α, β, ω, δ, ɛ, αω, ν, τ, κ and ζ (or Limitin). Some type I IFN subfamilies are physiologically expressed...
The human genome is composed of large-scale compartmentalized structures, including long G+C% (GC%) mosaic structures and replication-timing zones, which are related to chromosome band zones. Previously, we measured replication timing along the entire lengths of human chromosomes 11q and 21q at the sequence level, and it was suggested that the transition regions of replication timing from early to...
Novel globins, such as neuroglobin (Ngb) and cytoglobin, have recently been discovered in many vertebrates. Ngb is mainly expressed in neurons and plays a neuroprotective role during hypoxic stress. Neuronal hypoxia and cerebral ischemia induce Ngb expression; knocking down Ngb expression increases hypoxic neuronal injury in vitro and ischemic cerebral injury in vivo. Although Ngb was originally identified...
SPARC-Related Modular Calcium Binding Protein-2 (Smoc-2) is a broadly-expressed matricellular protein which contributes to mitogenesis via activation of Integrin-Linked Kinase (ILK). Here we show that expression of Smoc2 is repressed in cultured cells following treatment with Aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) ligands including the ubiquitous environmental pollutants Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin...
Tropomyosins (Trps) constitute a family of actin filament-binding proteins found in all eukaryotic cells. In muscle cells, they play a central role in contraction by regulating calcium-sensitive interaction of actin and myosin. In non-muscle cells, tropomyosins regulate actin filament organization and dynamics. Trps genes exhibit extensive cell type-specific isoform diversity generated by alternative...
Marsupials are largely confined to Australasia and to Central and South America. The visual pigments that underlie the photosensitivity of the retina have been examined in a number of species from the former group where evidence for trichromatic colour vision has been found, but none from the latter. In this paper, we report the cone opsin sequences from two nocturnal South American marsupial species,...
CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) plays a critical role in the maintenance of the kidney filtration barrier. In this study, we showed that epidermal growth factor (EGF) led to an increase of the CD2AP protein and mRNA in the human renal proximal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2 cells, which was due to the elevation of CD2AP promoter activity. Upon deletion and mutation analysis, electrophoretic mobility...
The aim of this paper is to demonstrate possible evolutionary constraints that shape codon-pair context. The distributions of numbers of modes (DNM) of codon-pairs in protein coding sequences (CDSs) and the frequency of base triplet pairs in intergenic sequences (IGSs) are analyzed in 110 fully sequenced genomes. We propose that these distributions are in accordance with a gamma distribution. By studying...
Multipotential mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are able to differentiate along several known lineages and have been shown to be efficacious for in vivo wound repair. The growth and differentiation of MSCs are known to be tightly regulated via interactions with specific extracellular mediators. Recent studies have shown that Wnts and their downstream signaling pathways play an important role in the self-renewal...
Plant roots are the primary site of perception and injury for salinity stress. In order to characterize the complexity of adaptation to salty environments in roots of Tamarix hispida, a woody halophyte, expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis was performed. Three cDNA libraries were generated from root tissues of T. hispida that were exposed to 0.4 M NaCl for 0 (control), 24 and 48 h. A total of 7726...
Defects in differentiation are frequently observed in cancer cells. By appropriate treatment specific tumor cell types can be induced to terminally differentiate. Metastatic HO-1 human melanoma cells treated with IFN-β plus mezerein (MEZ) undergo irreversible growth arrest and terminal differentiation followed by apoptosis. In order to define the molecular changes associated with this process, changes...
The tumor suppressor p53 regulates genes involved in progression through the cell cycle, DNA repair, senescence or apoptosis in response to cell stress. Dysregulation of p53 can result in uncontrolled cellular proliferation. Invertebrate homologues to human p53 (Hsp53) have been identified, including a putative p53 gene (Map53) from the soft-shell clam (Mya arenaria). Predicted sequences for human...
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